![]() These findings paralleled specific deposits of CXCL13 protein both in the liver and in the skin. Specific CXCL13 gene mRNA expression was also up-regulated in skin tissue of these patients. CXCL13 gene expression in portal tracts, isolated from liver biopsy tissues with laser capture microdissection, showed enhanced levels of specific mRNA in MC patients with active cutaneous vasculitis. The highest CXCL13 levels strongly correlated with active cutaneous vasculitis. Compared with healthy controls and HCV-infected patients without MC, CXCL13 serum levels were significantly higher in MC patients. This study evaluates circulating levels of CXCL13 protein and specific mRNA expression in chronically HCV-infected patients with and without MC. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may be associated with B-cell dysfunction and lymphoproliferative disorders, including mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). Chemokine CXCL13, also known as BCA-1 (B cell–attracting chemokine-1) or BLC (B-lymphocyte chemoattractant), is a major regulator of B-cell trafficking.
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